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NGC 4565

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"NGC 4565 is a large edge-on galaxy of Hubble type SAb which was first observedin HIby Sancisi (1976) in an early search for galaxies with warped HIdisks.Rupen (1991) observed NGC 4565 with much higher resolution and presented adetailed study of the kinematics and the warp. NGC 4565 has a small opticalcompanion 6′to the north of the center of NGC 4565, F378-0021557, which has7.4 × 107M⊙of H compared to an HImass of 2.0 × 1010M⊙for NGC 4565.Another companion, NGC 4562, somewhat larger in HI(2.5 × 108M⊙) andbrighter optically can be found found 15′to the south-west of the center ofNGC 4565. The asymmetric warp is clearly visible. The warp sets in at the edge of theoptical disk and does exhibit a bit of apparent thickening of the H disk visibleto the north-west and south-east of the disk, a result from projection effectsalong the line of sight.Inspection of individual channel maps brings to light that in addition to thewarp the H distribution shows additional, low surface brightness emission tothe north of the center, in the direction of the faint companion F378-0021557. Contours are 0.4,0.8, 1.6, 3.2, and 6.4 ×1021cm−2.NGC 4565 which can not be associated with the warp and is the kind of small(in terms of HImass) asymmetry that could be the result of accretiion." - http://arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/0411055